The slurry concentrations range from 6% to 40% for sand slurries, from 26% to 48% for stony dust slurries, and from 45% to 51% for stony dust-sand slurries. The slurries were tested using experimental pipeline loops with inner diameters of 17.5 and 26.8 mm. The present article deals with experimental investigation of the flow behavior and pressure drop of dense complex slurries containing sand of different particle size distribution (five different monodispersed and polydispersed sands with mean diameters ranging from 0.20 to 1.40 mm), stony dust (mean diameters of 8 μm and 33 μm), or clay conveyed in water. The slurry flow behavior can change from Newtonian to non-Newtonian depending on the concentration, slurry composition, and content of fine and especially colloidal particles, which evoke a complex rheological behavior of the slurry. The flow behavior of concentrated slurry depends on particle size distribution, shape, density, and concentration. We achieve high cell viability and functionality of the printed dECM structures using our bioprinting method. We show the versatility and flexibility of the developed bioprinting process using tissue-specific dECM bioinks, including adipose, cartilage and heart tissues, capable of providing crucial cues for cells engraftment, survival and long-term function. Here, we develop a method for the bioprinting of cell-laden constructs with novel decellularized extracellular matrix (dECM) bioink capable of providing an optimized microenvironment conducive to the growth of three-dimensional structured tissue. However, the majority of the matrix materials used so far for bioprinting cannot represent the complexity of natural extracellular matrix (ECM) and thus are unable to reconstitute the intrinsic cellular morphologies and functions. The ability to print and pattern all the components that make up a tissue (cells and matrix materials) in three dimensions to generate structures similar to tissues is an exciting prospect of bioprinting. Other applications include developing high-throughput 3D-bioprinted tissue models for research, drug discovery and toxicology. 3D bioprinting has already been used for the generation and transplantation of several tissues, including multilayered skin, bone, vascular grafts, tracheal splints, heart tissue and cartilaginous structures. Addressing these complexities requires the integration of technologies from the fields of engineering, biomaterials science, cell biology, physics and medicine. Compared with non-biological printing, 3D bioprinting involves additional complexities, such as the choice of materials, cell types, growth and differentiation factors, and technical challenges related to the sensitivities of living cells and the construction of tissues. 3D bioprinting is being applied to regenerative medicine to address the need for tissues and organs suitable for transplantation. Recent advances have enabled 3D printing of biocompatible materials, cells and supporting components into complex 3D functional living tissues. Additive manufacturing, otherwise known as three-dimensional (3D) printing, is driving major innovations in many areas, such as engineering, manufacturing, art, education and medicine.

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